Fossil Fuels - Revision history

Rjf: fix background

2020-03-05T02:42:09Z

fix background

Rjf at 04:33, 9 March 2018

2018-03-09T04:33:22Z

Rjf: /* 98 tons of plants per gallon */ sp

2008-10-24T02:23:38Z

98 tons of plants per gallon: sp

Rjf: /* 98 tons of plants per gallon */ reformatting

2008-10-24T02:17:22Z

98 tons of plants per gallon: reformatting

Rjf: copy of post regarding energy input for FF production

2008-10-24T02:06:22Z

copy of post regarding energy input for FF production

Rjf: cleanup.

2008-10-24T01:56:13Z

cleanup.

Rjf: local copy of 98 ton article.

2008-10-24T01:39:57Z

local copy of 98 ton article.

Rjf: Initial Page.

2007-02-24T04:02:30Z

Initial Page.

New page

This Just In:
* http://www.peakoil.net
Now the numbers begin to get interesting, [http://www.utah.edu/news/releases/03/oct/gas.html Bad Mileage: 98 tons of plants per gallon]
* http://www.alumni.utah.edu/services/u-news/november03/fossilfuels.htm
* http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2003-10/uou-bm9102603.php
Check out the Slashdot Thread on the topic.
* http://science.slashdot.org/science/03/10/27/1154229.shtml?tid=134

== Alaska, Prudhoe Bay ==
Environmental Effects:
[[Image:Earthlights02 dmsp big.jpg|thumb]]

<!IMG SRC="earthlights02_dmsp_big.jpg"> 
<HTML>
<TABLE background="/images/thumb/c/cb/Earthlights02_dmsp_big.jpg/800px-Earthlights02_dmsp_big.jpg" HEIGHT=400 WIDTH=800><TR><TD valign=top>

What is the giant light on the north shore of Alaska?! 
Is that where they moved Area 51 to in the early '90s? 
No, It's the <A HREF="http://www.inforain.org/Northslope/anwr_2.htm" Target=_New>Prudhoe Bay</A> Oil Fields. 

</TD></TR><TR><TD valign=bottom>
stats: 
Discovered in 1968 
average of 400 spills annually 
Though the footprint of oil development 
in Prudhoe Bay is estimated as 12,000 acres, 
it extends over more than 640,000 acres. 
</TD></TR></TABLE>
</HTML>

== Volcanic ==
Volcanic versus Human Influence.

Some numbers yanked from:
* http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2002105397_volcano01m.html
* http://science.slashdot.org/science/04/12/08/0025256.shtml?tid=14
:Worldwide Human activity produces 20,000 Million Tons of Carbon Dioxide per year.
:Worldwide Volcanos produce 200 Million Tons of CO2 per year, less than 1%.
:Mt St. Helens produces 500 to 1000 Tons of CO2/Day, and 50-250 Tons of Sulfur Dioxide/Day.
:Mt. Etna in Italy produces 5000-25,000 Tons of SO2/Day.
:Kilauea in Hawaii produces 2000 Tons of SO2/Day.

:Worldwide Volcanos produce 15 Million Tons of SO2/Year.
:Workdwide Humans produce 200 Million Tons of SO2/Year.

:All Washington State Industry produces 120 Tons of Noxious Gas/Day (Hydrogen Sulfide, Hydrogen Chloride).
:Centralia, Wa Coal power plant produced 200 Tons of SO2/Day before adding $250 million worth
:of pollution control, now it produces 27 Tons/Day. It still produces 20,000 Tons of CO2/Day.



----

Coil, Oil, and Natural Gasses are produced through a process not unlike that which creates '''Diamonds'''.
So perhaps we should consider gassoline as '''prescious''' a resource as diamonds, which would dramatically change the "price" of oil.

Methane(CH4) is the shortest chain with just one carbon and four hydrogen atoms, followed by ethane(C2H6), propane(C3H8),
and butane(C4H10) which are all gasses which boil at -107, -67, -43 and -18 degrees C.
Chains in the C5, C6 and C7 range are very light and clear liquids called naphthas.
Chains from C7 to C11 are used for gasoline, followed by kerosene from C12 to C15.
Diesel, Heating Oils, and lubricating oils are in the C16 to C19 range.
Chains above C20 form solids like paraffin wax, tar, and asphaltic bitumen, which is used to make asphalt roads.

Gasoline is composed of C7H16, C8H18, C9H20, C10H22, and C11H24 chains.
One barrels of oil is equal to 42 US gallons.
1 Gallon contains 132x10^6 joules of energy, equivalent to 125,000 BTU, 36,650 watt-hours, 31,000 food calories, or about 110 McDonalds hamburgers.
The electrical equivalent of 1 Gallon of gas would take the average electric car 120 miles (.25 kWh/mile) and an effecient EV more than 210 miles (.16 kWh/mile).

[[Transportation]] accounts for 65% of U.S. oil consumption.
The U.S. consumes 26% of worldwide oil while producing only 9%.

Coal - Sedimentary rock composed of the compacted, lithified and altered remains of plants.
Coal is a solid, combustible mixture of organic compounds, hydrocarbons, with 30 % to 98 % carbon by weight,
mixed with various amounts of water and small amounts of sulfur and nitrogen compounds.
It is formed in several stages as the remains of plants are subjected to '''heat''' and '''pressure''' over '''millions of years'''.

* http://science.howstuffworks.com/gasoline.htm
* http://auto.howstuffworks.com//question105.htm Diesel
* http://science.howstuffworks.com/oil-drilling.htm
* http://science.howstuffworks.com/oil-refining.htm
* http://people.howstuffworks.com//hydrogen-economy.htm
* http://science.howstuffworks.com/ozone-pollution.htm
*
* http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_energy/renewable_energy/page.cfm?pageID=60 Coal
* http://science.howstuffworks.com/power.htm
* http://science.howstuffworks.com/hydropower-plant.htm
*
* http://science.howstuffworks.com/nuclear-power.htm
*
* http://www.nrel.gov - National Renewable Energy Laboratory
*
* http://www.hess.com/about/msds/Gaso_Reg_0323_clr.pdf MSDS for regular 92 octane gasoline

@@ Line 11: / Line 11: @@
 Environmental Effects:
 ''[[:Image:Earthlights02 dmsp big.jpg|image from http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/image/0208/earthlights02_dmsp_big.jpg source]]''
-<HTML><TABLE background="/images/thumb/c/cb/Earthlights02_dmsp_big.jpg/800px-Earthlights02_dmsp_big.jpg" HEIGHT=400 WIDTH=800><TR><TD valign=top align=right><B><font color=white>
+<HTML><TABLE background="/mw/images/thumb/c/cb/Earthlights02_dmsp_big.jpg/800px-Earthlights02_dmsp_big.jpg" HEIGHT=400 WIDTH=800><TR><TD valign=top align=right><B><font color=white>
 What is the giant light on the north shore of Alaska?!<BR>
 Is that where they moved Area 51 to in the early '90s?<BR>

@@ Line 26: / Line 26: @@
 :> Typical mid-latitude average incident solar energy = 1 to 4 billion Kilocalories per acre per year. ( Using 1 billion kcal/acre/year )
 So... 1,000,000,000 kilocalories per acre = 1,163,000 kWh (1,163 mWh)<br>
-,520 mWh = Total mid-latitued solar energy available per 40 acres.<br>
+,520 mWh = Total mid-latitude solar energy available per 40 acres.<br>
 ,934 mWh = Wind captured at 3x that of PV. ( 45% guesstimate )<br>
 ,978 mWh = Electricity captured by 15% Eff. PV<br>
@@ Line 85: / Line 85: @@
 :Ryan
-PS, Now I can calculate the total effeciency of the entire system(s)<br>
+PS, Now I can calculate the total efficiency of the entire system(s)<br>
-Solar Energy->Wind->EV Transportation= 36.000% Effecient<br>
+Solar Energy->Wind->EV Transportation= 36.000% Efficient<br>
-Solar Energy->PV->EV Transportation == 10.400% Effecient<br>
+Solar Energy->PV->EV Transportation == 10.400% Efficient<br>
-Solar Energy->FF->ICE Transportation = 0.0008% Effecient + side effects<br>
+Solar Energy->FF->ICE Transportation = 0.0008% Efficient + side effects<br>
 ( EVs: Not overunity, but a whole lot closer. 45,000 to 13,000 times closer to be exact! )

@@ Line 24: / Line 24: @@
 :Mark Thomasson wrote: [http://www.seattleeva.org/maillist/evdl/?go=1&show=2003./10./1550]
-:> Typical mid-latitude average incident solar energy = 1 to 4 billion
+:> Typical mid-latitude average incident solar energy = 1 to 4 billion Kilocalories per acre per year. ( Using 1 billion kcal/acre/year )
-:> Kilocalories per acre per year. ( Using 1 billion kcal/acre/year )
+So... 1,000,000,000 kilocalories per acre = 1,163,000 kWh (1,163 mWh)<br>
-:So... 1,000,000,000 kilocalories per acre = 1,163,000 kWh (1,163 mWh)
+,520 mWh = Total mid-latitued solar energy available per 40 acres.<br>
-:46,520 mWh = Total mid-latitued solar energy available per 40 acres.
+,934 mWh = Wind captured at 3x that of PV. ( 45% guesstimate )<br>
-:20,934 mWh = Wind captured at 3x that of PV. ( 45% guesstimate )
+,978 mWh = Electricity captured by 15% Eff. PV<br>
-:6,978 mWh = Electricity captured by 15% Eff. PV
+,359 mWh = PV Array Examples ( 13.67% Real World Verification)<br>
-:6,359 mWh = PV Array Examples ( 13.67% Real World Verification)
+,652 mWh = Electricity captured by 10% Eff. PV<br>
-:4,652 mWh = Electricity captured by 10% Eff. PV
+,395 mWh = 3%, the Carbon fix rate of plants sinking Hydrogen.<br>
-:1,395 mWh = 3%, the Carbon fix rate of plants sinking Hydrogen.
+<br>
-:1,395 mWh = Total Energy Stored as Plant mater.
+The point is that plants don't store much of the solar energy
 in the first place, so you're already at a loss starting with
 plants. 3% of the potential 46,520 mWh or just 1,395 mWh.
 Don't believe me? 3% is probably to high, But I'm "Optimistic":
 http://www.aeiveos.com/~bradbury/Papers/PhotosyntheticEfficiency.html
 Corn Crops 1% to 2%, or 0.1% - 0.4%, Uncultivated plant life 0.2%,
 Sugar Cane 8%, or 1% ( one of the most efficient plants )
 PV's are more efficient than photosynthesis, 15% of the same
 potential energy is converted directly into 6,978 mWh of
@@ Line 54: / Line 51: @@
 produce 20,934 mWh from this same potential solar energy.
-> Not totally true. Heat Energy from the inner
+:> Not totally true. Heat Energy from the inner earth adds to the energy of buried biomass to make oil's energy. This also keeps the earth's surface warmer than if it only had heat from the sun.
 humm, true, the shear mass of the earth and it's compression
@@ Line 63: / Line 57: @@
 think we would "feel" any of that heat if the sun were gone.
-> Also there is chemical energy used by life.
+:> Also there is chemical energy used by life.
 Plants break down simple "non-life" minerals into various plant
 matter with the help of the sun. I don't think we as animals
@@ Line 80: / Line 74: @@
 What you would NOT do is turn your food into oils for your cars!
 Maybe you would use the stalks, but I'd leave them for next year.
 Furthermore, THE POINT IS, PV's are not as inefficient as they
 might appear. 13.67% is very good when you compare it to the
@@ Line 90: / Line 83: @@
 L8r
-Ryan
+:Ryan
-PS, Now I can calculate the total effeciency of the entire system(s)
+PS, Now I can calculate the total effeciency of the entire system(s)<br>
-Solar Energy->Wind->EV Transportation= 36.000% Effecient
+Solar Energy->Wind->EV Transportation= 36.000% Effecient<br>
-Solar Energy->PV->EV Transportation == 10.400% Effecient
+Solar Energy->PV->EV Transportation == 10.400% Effecient<br>
-Solar Energy->FF->ICE Transportation = 0.0008% Effecient + side effects
+Solar Energy->FF->ICE Transportation = 0.0008% Effecient + side effects<br>
-( EVs: Not overunity, but a whole lot closer.
+( EVs: Not overunity, but a whole lot closer. 45,000 to 13,000 times closer to be exact! )
 == Volcanic ==

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 This Just In:
 * http://www.peakoil.net
@@ Line 9: / Line 11: @@
 == Alaska, Prudhoe Bay ==
 Environmental Effects:
-[[Image:Earthlights02 dmsp big.jpg|thumb]]
+''[[:Image:Earthlights02 dmsp big.jpg|image from http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/image/0208/earthlights02_dmsp_big.jpg source]]''
-<!-- http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/image/0208/earthlights02_dmsp_big.jpg -->
+<HTML><TABLE background="/images/thumb/c/cb/Earthlights02_dmsp_big.jpg/800px-Earthlights02_dmsp_big.jpg" HEIGHT=400 WIDTH=800><TR><TD valign=top align=right><B><font color=white>
 What is the giant light on the north shore of Alaska?!<BR>
 Is that where they moved Area 51 to in the early '90s?<BR>
-No, It's the <A HREF="http://www.inforain.org/Northslope/anwr_2.htm" Target=_New>Prudhoe Bay</A> Oil Fields.<BR>
+No, It's the <A HREF="http://www.inforain.org/Northslope/anwr_2.htm" Target=_New>Prudhoe Bay</A> Oil Fields.</font></B>
-</B>
+</TD></TR><TR><TD valign=bottom align=right><font color=white>
-</TD></TR><TR><TD valign=bottom>
+stats:<br>Discovered in 1968<br>average of 400 spills annually<br>
-stats:<br>
+Though the footprint of oil development<br>in Prudhoe Bay is estimated as 12,000 acres,<br>it extends over more than 640,000 acres.<br>
-Discovered in 1968<br>
+<br><br><br><br><br></font></TD></TR></TABLE>
 </HTML>
@@ Line 36: / Line 29: @@
 * http://science.slashdot.org/science/04/12/08/0025256.shtml?tid=14
 :Worldwide Human activity produces 20,000 Million Tons of Carbon Dioxide per year.
-:Worldwide Volcanos produce 200 Million Tons of CO2 per year, less than 1%.
+:Worldwide Volcanoes produce 200 Million Tons of CO2 per year, less than 1%.
 :Mt St. Helens produces 500 to 1000 Tons of CO2/Day, and 50-250 Tons of Sulfur Dioxide/Day.
 :Mt. Etna in Italy produces 5000-25,000 Tons of SO2/Day.
 :Kilauea in Hawaii produces 2000 Tons of SO2/Day.
-:Worldwide Volcanos produce 15 Million Tons of SO2/Year.
+:Worldwide Volcanoes produce 15 Million Tons of SO2/Year.
-:Workdwide Humans produce 200 Million Tons of SO2/Year.
+:Worldwide Humans produce 200 Million Tons of SO2/Year.
 :All Washington State Industry produces 120 Tons of Noxious Gas/Day (Hydrogen Sulfide, Hydrogen Chloride).
@@ Line 55: / Line 48: @@
 -->
-----
+== Hydrocarbon fuels ==
 Methane(CH4) is the shortest chain with just one carbon and four hydrogen atoms, followed by ethane(C2H6), propane(C3H8),
-and butane(C4H10) which are all gasses which boil at -107, -67, -43 and -18 degrees C.
+and butane(C4H10) which are all gases which boil at -107, -67, -43 and -18 degrees C.
 Chains in the C5, C6 and C7 range are very light and clear liquids called naphthas.
 Chains from C7 to C11 are used for gasoline, followed by kerosene from C12 to C15.
@@ Line 71: / Line 63: @@
 One barrels of oil is equal to 42 US gallons.
 Gallon contains 132x10^6 joules of energy, equivalent to 125,000 BTU, 36,650 watt-hours, 31,000 food calories, or about 110 McDonalds hamburgers.
-The electrical equivalent of 1 Gallon of gas would take the average electric car 120 miles (.25 kWh/mile) and an effecient EV more than 210 miles (.16 kWh/mile).
+The electrical equivalent of 1 Gallon of gas would take the average electric car 120 miles (.25 kWh/mile) and an efficient EV more than 210 miles (.16 kWh/mile).
 [[Transportation]] accounts for 65% of U.S. oil consumption.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 This Just In:
 * http://www.peakoil.net
-Now the numbers begin to get interesting, [http://www.utah.edu/news/releases/03/oct/gas.html Bad Mileage: 98 tons of plants per gallon]
+Now the numbers begin to get interesting, [http://www.utah.edu/news/releases/03/oct/gas.html Bad Mileage: 98 tons of plants per gallon] [[Fossil Fuels/Bad Mileage: 98 tons of plants per gallon|local copy]]
 * http://www.alumni.utah.edu/services/u-news/november03/fossilfuels.htm
 * http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2003-10/uou-bm9102603.php